Assessment of acute impacts of cadmium chloride exposure on blood sugar level, body and organs weight in male albino Wistar rats and the ameliorative effects of ethanol leaf extracts of Tapinanthus bangwensis and Mangifera indica

Nnamso Effiong Essien * Elijah Udo Afangideh, Mercy Okon Akpan, Rosemary Francis Usen, Dorathy Edet Etim and Promise-Godsfavour Mfon Bobson

Department of Chemical Sciences, Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, Ikot Osurua, Ikot Ekpene, Nigeria.
 
Research Article
International Journal of Science and Research Archive, 2024, 12(01), 471–477.
Article DOI: 10.30574/ijsra.2024.12.1.0733
Publication history: 
Received on 16 March 2024; revised on 04 May 2024; accepted on 07 May 2024
 
Abstract: 
Impacts of acute cadmium chloride exposure on blood sugar level, body and organs weights in male albino Wistar rats and the ameliorative effects of ethanol leaf extracts of Tapinanthus bangwensis and Mangifera indica were assessed. Twenty –five animals (125- 285 g) were randomly assigned five groups of five rats each. Groups 1-4 were orally administered with cadmium chloride (30%) below its LD50 each for three times at 2days interval before treatment with the plant extracts. Groups 1 and 2 were later treated with 300 mg/kg of T. bangwensis and M. indica respectively. Group3 were treated with 300 mg/kg of both extracts at 50:50 dosage ratio. Groups 4 and 5 were not treated and they served as negative and normal control respectively. Treatment was done via oral route for 14 days and all animals were allowed free access to commercial rat mash and water. Blood sugar and body weight were assessed at 2days interval after exposing animals to the heavy metal followed by treatment. Organs weights were taken after 14days treatment. The results of the blood sugar level revealed significant increase (P< 0.05) in group 4 (untreated) when compared to the normal control group and the groups treated with leaf extracts. Significant decrease was recorded in body weight of the untreated rats when compared to the treated and normal groups. There was significant decrease (P< 0.05) in the weight of testis and liver in group 4 when compared to groups 1,2,3 and 5, with significant decrease (P< 0.05) in the weight of the kidneys in group 1 when compared to groups 3 and 5. These results implied that cadmium chloride toxicity altered blood sugar levels, body and organs weights in the animals, however, the two plant extracts ameliorated these impacts and regulated the parameters to fall within their normal ranges.
 
Keywords: 
Cadmium; Tapinanthus bangwensis; Mangifera indica; Blood sugar; Body weight; Organ weight
 
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